12月(yue)(yue)份(fen)是水(shui)产养殖承前(qian)启(qi)后的(de)(de)阶段(duan)，既是收获(huo)也是放养的(de)(de)关键时(shi)期(qi)，应(ying)及早(zao)为来(lai)年的(de)(de)生产认真做准备。本月(yue)(yue)应(ying)主要做好以下(xia)几个方面的(de)(de)工(gong)作：

1、河蟹(xie)尚未(wei)出售结(jie)束(shu)的塘(tang)口，抓紧做好并(bing)塘(tang)囤养，尽(jin)早对养殖塘(tang)口开展修整堤(di)埂，清除过多(duo)淤泥(ni)(ni)（保持10—15公分(fen)），使用(yong)150公斤/亩(mu)生(sheng)石灰消毒并(bing)改善底泥(ni)(ni)，（时间充裕的晒塘(tang)20天(tian)左(zuo)右）7—10天(tian)后(hou)，施(shi)充分(fen)发酵有机肥(fei)（或(huo)堆肥(fei)），用(yong)量(liang)视(shi)塘(tang)口肥(fei)力，最多(duo)可150—200公斤/亩(mu)，然后(hou)及时移植伊乐藻(zao)和黄草等。

2、抓紧(jin)做(zuo)好常规鱼(yu)的并塘(tang)(tang)工作，开展池塘(tang)(tang)清(qing)淤、消毒(du)（生石灰100公斤/亩），并创造条件做(zuo)好晒(shai)塘(tang)(tang)，淤泥(ni)风化时间(jian)要(yao)适当(dang)延长，改善养殖环境(jing)。出血病和孢子(zi)虫病等(deng)疾病发生与池塘(tang)(tang)清(qing)淤、消毒(du)、晒(shai)塘(tang)(tang)等(deng)措施未跟上有直接(jie)关系，同(tong)时要(yao)及早落实鱼(yu)种(zhong)来(lai)源(yuan)，做(zuo)好放养（水(shui)温(wen)5—10℃较宜）工作，以防(fang)后期鱼(yu)种(zhong)难以解(jie)决。

3、常规(gui)鱼并(bing)塘口时，鲫鱼、白鲢等鱼有粘孢(bao)子虫(chong)(chong)病，影响销售和效益，可以把病鱼集(ji)中囤养，用晶体敌百虫(chong)(chong)全池(chi)泼(po)洒或专用孢(bao)子杀虫(chong)(chong)药治疗（具体使用方法见(jian)产品说明书）。另外还会因为拉网或运输(shu)擦伤鱼体而患上水(shui)霉病，可用万(wan)(wan)分之四(si)的食(shi)盐水(shui)加万(wan)(wan)分之四(si)的小(xiao)苏打合剂(ji)，全池(chi)泼(po)洒。

4、面对现(xian)在河(he)蟹价(jia)格和鱼价(jia)平稳的(de)现(xian)状，为(wei)了保持水(shui)产(chan)(chan)养殖(zhi)的(de)竞争(zheng)力(li)，必须在养殖(zhi)技(ji)术上挖掘潜力(li)（比如多(duo)品种水(shui)草种植，二次投(tou)螺，增氧技(ji)术采用管道微孔曝气增氧），提高(gao)成活率，降低生(sheng)产(chan)(chan)成本(ben)。明年的(de)主要放(fang)养参考模(mo)式：

①、河蟹放养模(mo)式：平均规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)100—250只(zhi)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)扣蟹700—1000只(zhi)/亩，规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)50-80尾(wei)(wei)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)鲌鱼(yu)(yu)10—15尾(wei)(wei)/亩，规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)5—8尾(wei)(wei)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)花(hua)鲢(lian)5—10尾(wei)(wei)/亩，规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)5—8尾(wei)(wei)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)白鲢(lian)10—15尾(wei)(wei)/亩，规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)12厘(li)米(mi)以上的(de)(de)花(hua)骨鱼(yu)(yu)25—40尾(wei)(wei)/亩，规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)30—50尾(wei)(wei)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)黄颡鱼(yu)(yu)30—60尾(wei)(wei)/亩，规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)5厘(li)米(mi)以上的(de)(de)鳜鱼(yu)(yu)12—20尾(wei)(wei)/亩，规格(ge)(ge)(ge)为(wei)(wei)900—1300尾(wei)(wei)/公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)青虾5—8公(gong)斤(jin)(jin)/亩。

②、常规(gui)(gui)鱼(yu)(yu)放养(yang)模式(shi)（水深2米(mi)—2.5米(mi)）：团头鲂(fang)900—1300尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)15—20尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)），鲫(ji)鱼(yu)(yu)200—300尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)10—16尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)），草鱼(yu)(yu)8—10尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)3—7尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)），花鲢30—50尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)5—8尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)），白鲢50—100尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)5—8尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)），鳜(gui)鱼(yu)(yu)10—15尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)5厘米(mi)以上），鲌(ba)鱼(yu)(yu)10—15尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)50—80尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)），花骨鱼(yu)(yu)20—35尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)12厘米(mi)以上），黄(huang)颡鱼(yu)(yu)25—60尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)30—50尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)），青虾5—8公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)/亩(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)(mu)（规(gui)(gui)格(ge)(ge)900—1300尾(wei)(wei)(wei)(wei)/公(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)斤(jin)）。鱼(yu)(yu)种消毒(du)方法：3%的食(shi)盐水浸(jin)洗(xi)10—15分(fen)钟，或高(gao)锰(meng)酸钾10—15PPm10—15分(fen)钟。